This category focuses on the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, including its structure, definitions, offences, and the key changes introduced in India’s substantive criminal law framework.
Articles in this section draw from my criminal law practice and legal research. I cover offence-wise analysis, interpretative issues, comparisons with the IPC, practical implications for investigation and trial, and emerging questions likely to shape litigation under BNS.
Section-225 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 225. Whoever holds out any threat of injury to any person for the purpose … Read more
Section-224 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Threat of injury to public servant – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 224. Whoever holds out any threat of injury to any public servant, or to any person in whom he believes that public servant … Read more
Section-223 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 223. Whoever, knowing that, by an order promulgated by a public servant lawfully empowered to promulgate such order, he is directed … Read more
Section-222 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 222. Whoever, being bound by law to render or furnish assistance to any public servant in the … Read more
Section-221 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 221. Whoever voluntarily obstructs any public servant in the discharge of his public functions, shall be punished with imprisonment of either … Read more
Section-220 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 220. Whoever, at any sale of property held by the lawful authority of a public … Read more
Section-219 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 219. Whoever intentionally obstructs any sale of property offered for sale by the lawful authority of any … Read more
Section-218 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Resistance to the taking of property by the lawful authority of a public servant – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 218. Whoever offers any resistance to the taking of any property by the lawful authority … Read more
Section-217 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to the injury of another person – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 217. Whoever gives to any public servant any information which … Read more
Section-216 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath or affirmation – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 216. Whoever, being legally bound by an oath or affirmation to … Read more
Section-215 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Refusing to sign statement – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 215. Whoever refuses to sign any statement made by him, when required to sign that statement by a public servant legally competent to require that … Read more
Section-214 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 214. Whoever, being legally bound to state the truth on any subject to any public servant, refuses to answer any question … Read more