This category gives the bare text of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023. It places each BNSS section beside the matching CrPC provision. The comparison table shows every change in a clear way.
You then get detailed commentary on the section. The notes explain the reform and its impact. They show how preventive steps are taken, investigation, arrest, bail, trial and appeals now work under the new law. At places I have tried to point out important timelines and safeguards.
Each article brings in case law. It cites recent Supreme Court judgments.
The commentary explains how the Court reads the provision highlighting major trends in criminal procedure. It sets out the settled position of law in simple terms.
A practitioner’s guide follows. It gives useful steps for lawyers, litigant and students. In some articles I have flagged common mistakes. I have also tried to suggest practical best practices wherever I have had personally dealt with cases touching concerned provision. .
FAQs appear at the end. They answer frequent questions in plain language.
The aim is to help readers understand, compare and use every BNSS section with ease. An informed citizenry can fast track the system.
Section-442: High Court’s powers of revision – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of Cr.P.C.-Criminal Procedure Code. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (corresponding section) 442. High Court’s powers of revision.—(1) In the case of any proceeding the record of which hasbeen called for by itself or which otherwise comes to its … Read more
Section-441: Power of Additional Sessions Judge – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of Cr.P.C.-Criminal Procedure Code. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (corresponding section) 441. Power of Additional Sessions Judge.—An Additional Sessions Judge shall have and mayexercise all the powers of a Sessions Judge under this Chapter in respect of any … Read more
Section-440: Sessions Judge’s powers of revision. – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of Cr.P.C.-Criminal Procedure Code. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (corresponding section) 440. Sessions Judge’s powers of revision.—(1) In the case of any proceeding the record of which has been called for by himself, the Sessions Judge may exercise … Read more
Section-439: Power to order inquiry – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of Cr.P.C.-Criminal Procedure Code. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (corresponding section) 439. Power to order inquiry.—On examining any record under section 438 or otherwise, the HighCourt or the Sessions Judge may direct the Chief Judicial Magistrate by himself or … Read more
Section-438: Calling for records to exercise powers of revision – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of Cr.P.C.-Criminal Procedure Code. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (corresponding section) 438. Calling for records to exercise powers of revision.—(1) The High Court or any Sessions Judge may call for and examine the record of … Read more
Section-437: Disposal of case according to decision of High Court – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of Cr.P.C.-Criminal Procedure Code. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (corresponding section) 437. Disposal of case according to decision of High Court.—(1) When a question has been soreferred, the High Court shall pass such order … Read more
Section-436: Reference to High Court – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of Cr.P.C.-Criminal Procedure Code. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (corresponding section) 436. Reference to High Court.—(1) Where any Court is satisfied that a case pending before it involves a question as to the validity of any Act, Ordinance or … Read more
Section-435: Abatement of appeals – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of Cr.P.C.-Criminal Procedure Code. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (corresponding section) 435. Abatement of appeals.—(1) Every appeal under section 418 or section 419 shall finally abate on the death of the accused.(2) Every other appeal under this Chapter (except an … Read more
Section-434: Finality of judgments and orders on appeal – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of Cr.P.C.-Criminal Procedure Code. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (corresponding section) 434. Finality of judgments and orders on appeal.—Judgments and orders passed by an AppellateCourt upon an appeal shall be final, except in the cases provided … Read more
Section-433: Procedure where Judges of Court of appeal are equally divided – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of Cr.P.C.-Criminal Procedure Code. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (corresponding section) 433. Procedure where Judges of Court of appeal are equally divided.—When an appeal under thisChapter is heard by a High Court before … Read more
Section-432: Appellate Court may take further evidence or direct it to be taken – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of Cr.P.C.-Criminal Procedure Code. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (corresponding section) 432. Appellate Court may take further evidence or direct it to be taken.—(1) In dealing with anyappeal under this Chapter, … Read more
Section-431: Arrest of accused in appeal from acquittal – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of Cr.P.C.-Criminal Procedure Code. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (corresponding section) 431. Arrest of accused in appeal from acquittal.—When an appeal is presented under section 419,the High Court may issue a warrant directing that the accused … Read more