This category focuses on the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, including its structure, definitions, offences, and the key changes introduced in India’s substantive criminal law framework.
Articles in this section draw from my criminal law practice and legal research. I cover offence-wise analysis, interpretative issues, comparisons with the IPC, practical implications for investigation and trial, and emerging questions likely to shape litigation under BNS.
Section-151 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain the exercise of any lawful power – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 151. Whoever, with the intention of inducing or compelling the President of India, … Read more
Section-150 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023: Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 150. Whoever by any act, or by any illegal omission, conceals the existence of a design to wage war against … Read more
Section-149 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against the Government of India – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 149. Whoever collects men, arms or ammunition or otherwise prepares to wage war with the intention … Read more
Section-148 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 121 – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 148. Whoever within or without and beyond India conspires to commit any of the offences punishable by section 147, or conspires … Read more
Section-147 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against the Government of India – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 147. Whoever wages war against the Government of India, or attempts to wage … Read more
Section-146 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Unlawful compulsory labour – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 146. Whoever unlawfully compels any person to labour against the will of that person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which … Read more
Section-145 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Habitual dealing in slaves – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 145. Whoever habitually imports, exports, removes, buys, sells, traffics or deals in slaves, shall be punished with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment of either … Read more
Section-144 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Exploitation of a trafficked person – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 144. (1) Whoever, knowingly or having reason to believe that a child has been trafficked, engages such child for sexual exploitation in any manner, … Read more
Section-143 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Trafficking of person – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 143. (1) Whoever, for the purpose of exploitation recruits, transports, harbours, transfers, or receives a person or persons, by— (a) using threats; or (b) … Read more
Section-141 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Importation of girl or boy from foreign countries – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 141. Whoever imports into India from any country outside India any girl under the age of twenty-one years or any boy … Read more
Section-140 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder or for ranson etc. – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 140. (1) Whoever kidnaps or abducts any person in order that such person may be murdered … Read more
Section-139 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Kidnapping or maiming a minor for purposes of begging – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 139. (1) Whoever kidnaps any child or, not being the lawful guardian … Read more