This category focuses on the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, including its structure, definitions, offences, and the key changes introduced in India’s substantive criminal law framework.
Articles in this section draw from my criminal law practice and legal research. I cover offence-wise analysis, interpretative issues, comparisons with the IPC, practical implications for investigation and trial, and emerging questions likely to shape litigation under BNS.
Section-200 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Punishment for non-treatment of victim – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 200. Whoever, being in charge of a hospital, public or private, whether run by the Central Government, the State Government, local bodies or any … Read more
Section-199 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Public servant disobeying direction under law – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 199. Whoever, being a public servant,— (a) knowingly disobeys any direction of the law which prohibits him from requiring the attendance at … Read more
Section-198 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 198. Whoever, being a public servant, knowingly disobeys any direction of the law as to the way … Read more
Section-197 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 197. (1) Whoever, by words either spoken or written or by signs or by visible representations or through electronic communication or otherwise,— … Read more
Section-196 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Promoting enmity between different groups on ground of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 196. (1) Whoever— (a) … Read more
Section-195 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc. – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 195(1) Whoever assaults or obstructs any public servant or uses criminal force on any public servant in the discharge of … Read more
Section-194 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Affray – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 194(1) When two or more persons, by fighting in a public place, disturb the public peace, they are said to commit an affray. (2) Whoever commits an … Read more
Section-193 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Liability of owner, occupier, etc., of land on which an unlawful assembly or riot takes place – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 193(1) Whenever any unlawful assembly or riot takes place, the owner or occupier … Read more
Section-192 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot- if rioting be committed; if not committed – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 192. Whoever malignantly, or wantonly by doing anything which is illegal, gives provocation to … Read more
Section-191 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Rioting – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 191. (1) Whenever any unlawful assembly or riot takes place, the owner or occupier of the land upon which such unlawful assembly is held, or such riot is … Read more
Section-190 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Being member of unlawful assembly – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 190. Whoever malignantly, or wantonly by doing anything which is illegal, gives provocation to any person intending or knowing it to be likely that … Read more
Section-189 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Unlawful assembly – with corresponding and equivalent Sections of IPC-Indian Penal Code. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (corresponding section) 189. (1) An assembly of five or more persons is designated an “unlawful assembly”, if the common object of the persons composing that assembly is— (a) … Read more