Narco-Analysis Constitutionality in India: 2025 Supreme Court Ruling on Consent, Rights, and Legal Admissibility Explained.
n a significant ruling that reinforces the constitutional limits on investigative methods, the Supreme Court of India in 2025 held that narco-analysis tests cannot be conducted without the voluntary and informed consent of the accused. The judgment revisits the foundational principles laid down in Selvi v. State of Karnataka, reiterating that forced narco tests violate Articles 20(3) and 21 of the Constitution. This article examines the legal background, the facts of the case, the Court’s reasoning, and the broader implications for criminal law and forensic practices in India.